11.1 Gastrointestinal Introduction
Learning Objectives
- Apply principles of evidence-based practice when using the nursing process
- Identify the roles and responsibilities of the nurse in caring for the client with gastrointestinal disorders
- Explain the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal system disorders
- Identify life span considerations of the client
- Apply principles of client-centered care when considering diversity of the client
- Apply therapeutic communication in caring for the client with gastrointestinal disorders
- Integrate pharmacological and nonpharmacological measures for the client with gastrointestinal disorders
- Interpret common laboratory and diagnostic tests
“GI PreTest” by Kellea Ewen and Open RN is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0
As health care professionals, nurses play a pivotal role in recognizing and caring for clients with gastrointestinal disorders. This chapter will delve into the intricate workings of the gastrointestinal system, examining its anatomy, physiology, and the myriad of conditions that can affect its optimal function.
The gastrointestinal system, often referred to as the digestive or GI system, is a complex network of organs and structures responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as the elimination of waste. Its efficient functioning is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being. Nurses, as frontline caregivers, must possess a thorough understanding of the gastrointestinal system to provide effective and compassionate care to clients experiencing a wide array of gastrointestinal issues.
Throughout this chapter, we will navigate through the specifics of gastrointestinal anatomy, exploring the structure and function of each component from the mouth to the anus. By establishing a solid foundation in the normal physiology of digestion, nurses will be better equipped to recognize abnormalities and deviations from health. An overview of a comprehensive gastrointestinal assessment is included, as well as exploration of some risk factors that predispose clients to gastrointestinal illness. Common laboratory tests and diagnostics and life span considerations related to the gastrointestinal system are discussed. Several gastrointestinal disorders are described, including pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnostic and lab tests, medical treatments, and nursing care that promotes optimal client outcomes.